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Department
  • Psychiatry
    • School
  • Clinical Medicine
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    Research Theme Beyond the Neuron Lifelong Brain Development and Brain Ageing
    Research Focus

    Keywords

  • Dementia
  • Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
  • Vascular Cognitive Impairment
  • Risk Factors
  • Multimodal Neuroimaging

    • Clinical Conditions

  • Dementia
  • Stroke
  • Cognitive impairment
  • Vascular dementia
  • Cerebral small vessel disease

    • Equipment & Techniques

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • Neuropsychological testing
  • Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
  • Cross-sectional and cohort studies
  • Statistical analysis

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  • Equality, Diversity, Inclusion and Wellbeing
  • Public Engagement

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    Audrey Low

    University Position
    Research Associate

    Interests

    I am a Race Against Dementia Fellow studying the role of cerebrovascular dysfunction in dementia and cognitive impairment, with the help of multimodal neuroimaging techniques and clinical data in humans. Currently, my research focuses on identifying early predictors and markers of dementia, and how cerebral small vessel disease is involved in early dementia pathogenesis. As part of this, I examine markers of cerebral small vessel disease and cerebrovascular health in relation to other brain pathologies like inflammation and blood brain barrier permeability, as well as established dementia risk factors. Altogether, my research aims to further our understanding of how various pathologies interact in their contribution to neurodegeneration and clinical outcomes. On top of my academic work, I support younger researchers as the Early Career Investigator Representative of the International Society of Vascular Behavioural and Cognitive Disorders (VasCog) (https://www.vascog.org/).

    Key Publications

    Neuroimaging and Clinical Findings in Healthy Middle-Aged Adults With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the PREVENT Dementia Study.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26774
    Journal: JAMA Netw Open
    E-pub date: 1 Aug 2024
    Authors: A Low, E McKiernan, MA Prats-Sedano, SF Carter, JD Stefaniak, L Su, M-E Dounavi, G Muniz-Terrera, N Jenkins, K Bridgeman, K Ritchie, B Lawlor, L Naci, P Malhotra, C Mackay, I Koychev, T Thayanandan, V Raymont, CW Ritchie, W Stewart, JT O'Brien, PREVENT Dementia Investigators

    In vivo neuroinflammation and cerebral small vessel disease in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2020-323894
    Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
    E-pub date: 11 Sep 2020
    Authors: A Low, E Mak, M Malpetti, L Passamonti, N Nicastro, JD Stefaniak, G Savulich, L Chouliaras, L Su, JB Rowe, HS Markus, JT O'Brien

    Inflammation and cerebral small vessel disease: A systematic review.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2019.100916
    Journal: Ageing Res Rev
    E-pub date: 31 Aug 2019
    Authors: A Low, E Mak, JB Rowe, HS Markus, JT O'Brien

    Publications

    APOE e4 exacerbates age-dependent deficits in cortical microstructure

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcad351
    Journal: Brain Commun
    E-pub date: 1 Aug 2024
    Authors: F Mak, M-E Dounavi, G Operto, Z Elina, J P Simon, A Low, P Swann, C Newton, G Terrera, P Malhotra, I Koychev, C Falcon, C Mackay, B Lawlor, L Naci, K Wells, C Ritchie, K Ritchie, L Su, JD Gispert, J O'Brien

    The PREVENT dementia programme: baseline demographic, lifestyle, imaging and cognitive data from a midlife cohort study investigating risk factors for dementia

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcae189
    Journal: Brain Commun
    E-pub date: 1 Aug 2024
    Authors: CW Ritchie, K Bridgeman, S Gregory, JT O’Brien, SO Danso, M-E Dounavi, I Carriere, D Driscoll, R Hillary, I Koychev, B Lawlor, L Naci, L Su, A Low, E Mak, P Malhotra, J Manson, R Marioni, L Murphy, G Ntailianis, W Stewart, G Muniz-Terrera, K Ritchie

    Immune regulation and blood-brain barrier permeability in cerebral small vessel disease: study protocol of the INflammation and Small Vessel Disease (INSVD) study – a multicentre prospective cohort study.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084303
    Journal: BMJ Open
    E-pub date: 26 Feb 2024
    Authors: A Low, S van Winden, L Cai, RPC Kessels, MC Maas, RG Morris, M Nus, DJ Tozer, A Tuladhar, A van der Kolk, R Wolters, Z Mallat, NP Riksen, H Markus, F-E de Leeuw

    Comprehensive allostatic load risk index is associated with increased frontal and left parietal white matter hyperintensities in mid-life cognitively healthy adults.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-49656-3
    Journal: Sci Rep
    E-pub date: 5 Jan 2024
    Authors: I Buller-Peralta, S Gregory, A Low, M-E Dounavi, K Bridgeman, G Ntailianis, B Lawlor, L Naci, I Koychev, P Malhotra, JT O'Brien, CW Ritchie, G Muniz-Terrera

    Artificial intelligence for diagnostic and prognostic neuroimaging in dementia: A systematic review.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1002/alz.13412
    Journal: Alzheimers Dement
    E-pub date: 1 Dec 2023
    Authors: RJ Borchert, T Azevedo, A Badhwar, J Bernal, M Betts, R Bruffaerts, MC Burkhart, I Dewachter, HM Gellersen, A Low, I Lourida, L Machado, CR Madan, M Malpetti, J Mejia, S Michopoulou, C Muñoz-Neira, J Pepys, M Peres, V Phillips, S Ramanan, S Tamburin, HM Tantiangco, L Thakur, A Tomassini, A Vipin, E Tang, D Newby, Deep Dementia Phenotyping (DEMON) Network, JM Ranson, DJ Llewellyn, M Veldsman, T Rittman

    Differential association of cerebral blood flow and anisocytosis in APOE ε4 carriers at midlife.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1177/0271678X231173587
    Journal: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab
    E-pub date: 1 Oct 2023
    Authors: M-E Dounavi, E Mak, P Swann, A Low, G Muniz-Terrera, A McKeever, M Pope, GB Williams, K Wells, B Lawlor, L Naci, P Malhotra, C Mackay, I Koychev, K Ritchie, L Su, CW Ritchie, JT O'Brien

    Associations Between Retinal Microvasculature Changes and Gray Matter Volume in a Mid-Life Cohort at Risk of Developing Alzheimer’s Disease

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44013-7_1
    Journal: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
    E-pub date: 1 Jan 2023
    Authors: D Rashid, Y Giarratano, C Hamid, T MacGillivray, GM Terrera, C Ritchie, B Dhillon, M Reid-Schachter, A Low, ME Dounavi, JT O’Brien, MO Bernabeu

    Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of dementia on midlife cerebral small vessel disease in cognitively healthy middle-aged adults: the PREVENT-Dementia study.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-022-01095-4
    Journal: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy
    E-pub date: 12 Oct 2022
    Authors: A Low, MA Prats-Sedano, E McKiernan, SF Carter, JD Stefaniak, S Nannoni, L Su, M-E Dounavi, G Muniz-Terrera, K Ritchie, B Lawlor, L Naci, P Malhotra, C Mackay, I Koychev, CW Ritchie, HS Markus, JT O'Brien

    Macrostructural brain alterations at midlife are connected to cardiovascular and not inherited risk of future dementia: the PREVENT-Dementia study.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-022-11061-7
    Journal: J Neurol
    E-pub date: 31 Aug 2022
    Authors: M-E Dounavi, C Newton, N Jenkins, E Mak, A Low, G Muniz-Terrera, GB Williams, B Lawlor, L Naci, P Malhotra, CE Mackay, I Koychev, K Ritchie, CW Ritchie, L Su, JT O'Brien

    Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging textural features as sensitive markers of white matter damage in midlife adults.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcac116
    Journal: Brain Commun
    E-pub date: 1 Aug 2022
    Authors: M-E Dounavi, A Low, G Muniz-Terrera, K Ritchie, CW Ritchie, L Su, HS Markus, JT O'Brien

    CAIDE dementia risk score relates to severity and progression of cerebral small vessel disease in healthy midlife adults: the PREVENT-Dementia study.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2021-327462
    Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
    E-pub date: 1 May 2022
    Authors: A Low, MA Prats-Sedano, JD Stefaniak, EF McKiernan, SF Carter, M-E Douvani, E Mak, L Su, O Stupart, G Muniz, K Ritchie, CW Ritchie, HS Markus, JT O'Brien

    Rate of, and risk factors for, white matter hyperintensity growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis with implications for clinical trial design.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2021-326569
    Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
    E-pub date: 1 Dec 2021
    Authors: R Brown, A Low, HS Markus

    Evidence of cerebral hemodynamic dysregulation in middle-aged APOE ε4 carriers: The PREVENT-Dementia study.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1177/0271678X211020863
    Journal: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab
    E-pub date: 1 Nov 2021
    Authors: M-E Dounavi, A Low, EF McKiernan, E Mak, G Muniz-Terrera, K Ritchie, CW Ritchie, L Su, JT O'Brien

    In vivo coupling of dendritic complexity with presynaptic density in primary tauopathies.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.01.016
    Journal: Neurobiol Aging
    E-pub date: 1 May 2021
    Authors: E Mak, N Holland, PS Jones, G Savulich, A Low, M Malpetti, SS Kaalund, L Passamonti, T Rittman, R Romero-Garcia, R Manavaki, GB Williams, YT Hong, TD Fryer, FI Aigbirhio, JT O'Brien, JB Rowe

    Association between white matter hyperintensity load and grey matter atrophy in mild cognitive impairment is not unidirectional.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.18632/aging.202977
    Journal: Aging (Albany NY)
    E-pub date: 16 Apr 2021
    Authors: A Vipin, BYX Wong, D Kumar, A Low, KP Ng, N Kandiah

    Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Influences Hippocampal Subfield Atrophy in Mild Cognitive Impairment.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-020-00847-4
    Journal: Transl Stroke Res
    E-pub date: 1 Apr 2021
    Authors: FCC Wong, C Yatawara, A Low, H Foo, BYX Wong, L Lim, B Wang, D Kumar, KP Ng, N Kandiah

    Proximity to dementia onset and multi-modal neuroimaging changes: The prevent-dementia study.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117749
    Journal: Neuroimage
    E-pub date: 1 Apr 2021
    Authors: E Mak, M-E Dounavi, A Low, SF Carter, E McKiernan, GB Williams, PS Jones, I Carriere, GT Muniz, K Ritchie, C Ritchie, L Su, JT O'Brien

    Inherited risk of dementia and the progression of cerebral small vessel disease and inflammatory markers in cognitively healthy midlife adults: the PREVENT-Dementia study.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.10.029
    Journal: Neurobiol Aging
    E-pub date: 1 Feb 2021
    Authors: A Low, L Su, JD Stefaniak, E Mak, M-E Dounavi, G Muniz-Terrera, K Ritchie, CW Ritchie, HS Markus, JT O'Brien

    Development and validation of a brief visual based cognitive screening tool for dementia: the Visual Cognitive Assessment Test short-form (VCAT-S).

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2020-323106
    Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
    E-pub date: 1 Oct 2020
    Authors: W Koh, L Lim, A Low, B Wong, L Lim, E Silva, KP Ng, N Kandiah

    Peak Width of Skeletonized Mean Diffusivity as a Marker of Diffuse Cerebrovascular Damage.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00238
    Journal: Front Neurosci
    E-pub date: 1 Aug 2020
    Authors: A Low, E Mak, JD Stefaniak, M Malpetti, N Nicastro, G Savulich, L Chouliaras, HS Markus, JB Rowe, JT O'Brien

    Construct validity of the Visual Cognitive Assessment Test (VCAT)-a cross-cultural language-neutral cognitive screening tool.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610219000504
    Journal: Int Psychogeriatr
    E-pub date: 1 Jan 2020
    Authors: A Low, L Lim, L Lim, B Wong, E Silva, KP Ng, N Kandiah

    Asymmetrical atrophy of thalamic subnuclei in Alzheimer’s disease and amyloid-positive mild cognitive impairment is associated with key clinical features.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadm.2019.08.001
    Journal: Alzheimers Dement (Amst)
    E-pub date: 1 Dec 2019
    Authors: A Low, E Mak, M Malpetti, L Chouliaras, N Nicastro, L Su, N Holland, T Rittman, PV Rodríguez, L Passamonti, WR Bevan-Jones, PS Jones, JB Rowe, JT O'Brien

    Association of Asymmetrical White Matter Hyperintensities and Apolipoprotein E4 on Cognitive Impairment.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-190159
    Journal: J Alzheimers Dis
    E-pub date: 1 Aug 2019
    Authors: A Low, KP Ng, RJ Chander, B Wong, N Kandiah

    Hippocampal subfield atrophy of CA1 and subicular structures predict progression to dementia in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.

    DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-319592
    Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
    E-pub date: 1 Jun 2019
    Authors: A Low, H Foo, TT Yong, LCS Tan, N Kandiah