Chapter 7 Choosing Delayed Rewards Perspectives from Learning Theory, Neurochemistry, and Neuroanatomy

Abstract:

This chapter discusses the theories of learning and choice with delayed reward. Two broad approaches to choice behavior are reviewed, and a synthesis is offered. Firstly, how do animals succeed in bridging delays to reinforcement at all? Secondly, individuals differ in their ability to choose delayed rewards. The chapter presents the modern theories of animal learning that are based on studies showing that multiple dissociable psychological processes contribute to rats' actions. It reviews the potential ways in which delayed reinforcement can affect instrumental learning. Theories of instrumental choice are also briefly reviewed, examining their applicability to choice between delayed reinforcers and their relevance to neuropsychological studies. The chapter reviews the interventional studies to examine the role of selected neurochemical systems and neuroanatomical regions in rats' ability to choose delayed rewards. It also introduces the applications used to addiction and other disorders of impulsivity.